Nueva México or Nuevo México

Nueva Mã ©xico or Nuevo Mã ©xico Both Nueva Mã ©xico or Nuevo Mã ©xicoâ are in genuinely regular use, and a contention can even be made for a third spelling, Nuevo Mã ©jico. However, the most grounded contention rests with Nuevo Mã ©xico, for two primary reasons: Nuevo Mã ©xico is the spelling utilized by the Diccionario de la lengua espaã ±ola, the Royal Spanish Academys word reference and the nearest thing there is to a universally acknowledged standard for the language.Nuevo Mã ©xico is the spelling that has all the earmarks of being favored by the New Mexico state government. While the ladylike structure can be found at times on state-run sites, the manly structure is far, unmistakably progressively normal. Both the manly and female structures have a long history. The primary notable book about the zone - an epic sonnet and travelog - was Historia de la Nueva Mã ©xico composed by Capitn Gaspar de Villagr in 1610. To be sure, numerous more established compositions utilize the female structure, while the manly structure prevails today. The default sexual orientation for place names is manly for place names that dont end in an unstressed - a. Be that as it may, the New spot names are a typical special case - for instance, New York is Nueva York and New Jersey is Nueva Jersey. New Orleans is Nueva Orlens, in spite of the fact that that can be clarified by its deduction from the French name, which is female. Both Nueva Hampshire and Nuevo Hampshire are utilized in alluding to New Hampshire. Theres a Nueva Londres in Paraguay, and the city of New London in Connecticut is now and again alluded to by that name too in Spanish-language messages. Maybe it is the impact of the numerous Nueva place names that energizes proceeded with utilization of Nueva Mã ©xico in mainstream discourse and composing. With regards to the utilization of Nuevo Mã ©jico (the elocution is equivalent to for Nuevo Mã ©xico, where the x is articulated like the Spanish j, not as in English), its thought about a worthy spelling by the Academy. Its the spelling utilized in state law for the vow to the state banner and in the Spanish-language state melody. In any case, there is additionally a bilingual state tune, and it utilizes the spelling Nuevo Mã ©xico. So take your pick.

Aviation Technology

In spite of the fact that the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) runs one of the most secure air transportation frameworks in the entire world, it is predicting an avionics issue brought about by expanding traveler numbers and thusly, progressively jam-packed skies (U.S. Government Accountability Office [GAO], 2007).â The quantity of travelers is required to arrive at 1 billion every year 8 years from now.FAA (2007) shows worry that on the off chance that it doesn't make a move, there will be far more prominent postponements than what is being experienced at this moment, prompting monetary misfortunes which could add up to $22 billion.â That is the reason the office is beginning to found changes in its framework to address this key issue.One of these is the progress from the right now utilized framework to the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) †a stage that vows to forestall gridlock in the skies.One of the basic parts of NextGen is ADS-B, short for Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast, which is viewed as the â€Å"backbone of the NextGen system† and uses GPS satellite signs to give the two pilots and airport regulation stations with increasingly exact data to empower a progressively proficient and more secure utilization of the skies (FAA, 2007).How Does ADS-B Work?Unlike radar which includes transmitting electromagnetic heartbeats and bobbing them off airborne targets and afterward deciphering reflected signs, ADS-B works by depending on satellite-based GPS framework so as to decide the aircraft’s careful situation just as a large group of different parameters, for example, the aircraft’s speed, course, heading, height and flight number (â€Å"ADS-B†, 2007; â€Å"ADS-B Creates a New Standard for Aviation Safety†, 2007).These data are communicated through a radio transmitter and can be gotten by different airplanes, ground stations and ground vehicles that are likewise outfitt ed with ADS-B (Caisso, 2001).â Aircrafts and ground control stations inside 150-200 miles of the telecom airplane (orADS-Bâ ground station) get the data and show it in an effectively justifiable configuration in a PC screen.â Pilots can see this data on a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) while air traffic controllers on the ground can see the ADS-B airplanes on their normal traffic show screen (â€Å"ADS-B Creates a New Standard for Aviation Safety†, 2007).Users of ADS-B are guaranteed of getting air traffic data continuously which implies that both the pilot and the controller on the ground can both view a similar data at the equivalent time.Benefits of ADS-BOne of the significant advantages of ADS-B, as expressed prior, is the capacity of both the pilot and the ground station, when both furnished with ADS-B, to see solid and precise air traffic data in genuine time.â There will likewise be less requirement for airplanes to ceaselessly impart and get sig ns from ground-based controllers (FAA, 2007).â This will alleviate the burden of air traffic controllers, empowering them to suit and serve more airplanes at a progressively productive rate.The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) additionally underpins the government’s move to seek after ADS-B in lieu of radar and other observation advances, expressing that their individuals can profit by ADS-B as it can give realistic climate refreshes and literary flight warnings (AOPA, 2006).These data were viewed as a costly extra to existing avionics innovation coming about to its disagreeable use in airplanes (â€Å"ADS-B Creates a New Standard for Aviation Safety†, 2007).â Furthermore, AOPA accepts that FAA can have huge investment funds since ground-based transmitters cost all things considered $200,000 instead of radar frameworks that cost the administration a huge number of dollars.ADS-BAnother motivation behind why ADS-B is desirable over radar frameworks is th at beside it being more affordable than radars, ADS-B refreshes at any rate once a second contrasted with radars which can some of the time take up to 12 seconds (AOPA, 2006; FAA, 2007). Promotions B additionally has more extensive inclusion and ADS-B ground station can be set up more effectively than radars.â truth be told, FAA’s Capstone Program included preparing carriers and air taxis in Southwest Alaska with the new technology.The district was especially picked in light of the fact that the majority of the ground is solidified for the entire year making a ton of spots difficult to reach via land (FAA, 2001).â Furthermore, remote territories can't be reached by radars making the spot an ideal proving ground for ADS-B technology.â Starting in 1999, the program has proceeded until at present and has even extended to incorporate two more phases.The utilization of ADS-B has decreased mishaps in the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta â€a place not came to by customary radar †by 43 percent in 2003-2006 (Stapleton, 2006).â The consequences of the Capstone program demonstrates that ADS-B innovation can be utilized to expand proficiency and wellbeing in aircrafts.The drop in the quantity of mishaps in Southwest Alaska can presumably be ascribed to ADS-B’s capacity to upgrade flight security by giving pilots highlights, for example, programmed traffic call-outs and admonitions of looming appearances or departures in the runway (â€Å"ADS-B Creates a New Standard for Aviation Safety†, 2007).ADS-B, having a scope of in excess of 100 miles, furnishes the airplane with a more extensive edge wherein to distinguish struggle (for example an impending collision).â Compared to existing frameworks, goals of contentions can be instituted inside a shorter range of time.Disadvantages of ADS-BBenenson (2005) noticed a specific hindrance of ADS-B while flying his Cessna Cardinal, which he outfitted with ADS-B UAT (Universal Access Transceiver).â I t was notADS-Bâ â â â 5really a detriment of the innovation itself yet rather to the absence of ground-based handsets (GBTs) at present.â In request for non-ADS-B airplanes to be shown in a CDTI, the ADS-B prepared plane must be inside the view of a GBT. The GBT sends traffic data originating from air traffic reconnaissance sensors, most presumably radar.The radar  â â â information anyway isn't as precise as the one got through ADS-B, so the non-ADS-B plane shows up in the CDTI distorted.â Related to this, pilots who are furnished with the new innovation might be arrogant, believing that he superbly comprehends the encompassing traffic, overlooking that lone prepared airplane can transmit their position unmistakably (Caisso, 2001).Evans (2006) handles progressively significant issues, for example, the danger of â€Å"spoofing† by people whose sole purpose is to deliver the same number of bogus ASD-B focuses on an air traffic controller’s screen.â Di ck Smith, the previous head of Australia’s Civil Aviation Authority, was the first to make open the truth of such a risk.â He asserted, that satirizing should be possible utilizing a PC, an ADS-B handset and a $5 antenna.ADS-B specialists in the United States, in the wake of playing out their own tests, concurred with Smith that mocking is for sure conceivable with the new technology.â FAA, monitoring such a chance, are squeezing the bidders for ground stations, which ought to have the option to show their system’s hostile to ridiculing ability.Although ADS-B apparently is more affordable than radar, carrier and flight organizations despite everything imagine that the new innovation does not merit the sum they’re going to spend to supplant existing frameworks and are holding off purchasing until the costs drop (Evans, 2006).However, the costs are not liable to go down until there is a more prominent interest for the technology.â ADS-B Program Manager Vince nt Capezzuto said that if customers are not ready to make any speculation dangers, it will be hard to follow airspace commands and deferrals in the advantages offered by the program could be delayed.ADS-Bâ â â â â 6Evans (2006) additionally handled the peril of totally depending on GPS for airplane route and surveillance.â FAA recognizes that GPS might be inclined to obstruction and obviously, failure.â When such a circumstance emerges, an ADS-B †prepared airplane will have no methods by which to acquire air traffic information.â It is along these lines basic to think of a reinforcement system.The Implication of ADS-B in the Aviation IndustryADS-B can be viewed as an achievement in the avionics industry.â Never before has there been an innovation that can give so much air traffic data and a ton of different highlights with only a solitary equipment.â With the huge volume of travelers and more noteworthy air traffic expected by FAA in the coming years, ADS-B is b y all accounts a reasonable (if not the most) response to this issue.

Writing a Good College Admission Essay

Writing a Good College Admission EssayWriting a good college admissions essay requires the same skills as writing a good high school essay. All that's required is proper grammar and proper sentence structure. Like in a high school essay, the college essay must start out by explaining what you've accomplished during the time you've been at the school. The essay should be a coherent statement of what you intend to do with your future career and how that future will be changed by what you've accomplished.That's the easy question. Once you know the answer to that one, the rest of the essay will fall into place. You need to use appropriate vocabulary to express yourself. Know the difference between the simple and the complex and how to use them to your advantage.In order to write a college admissions essay you have to build up your confidence level in front of your audience. You don't want to look like a fool. Before writing your essay, set aside about 20 minutes to brainstorm. What probl ems are you trying to solve? What questions are there in the essay that might be left unanswered?Writers who succeed in writing a good college essay are those who understand their audience and have an intimate knowledge of writing. With this knowledge, they can come up with topics that are interesting but also can't be answered in one paragraph. Don't overuse the same questions that were asked in the college application. If you fail to do this, the reader won't believe that you know the questions that were asked. Write each question in a different sentence, so that the reader will believe that the writer has knowledge about the topic.Another way to make sure that your admission essay is enjoyable to read is to ask questions that interest you and invite readers to listen. Because most students in college don't speak English as a first language, they enjoy listening to someone who speaks to them in their native tongue. Try to find some things that interest you that might not apply to you but to others. Find topics in which you are interested and then mention these topics in your admission essay.It's important to be open-minded when writing a college admissions essay. This will let the reader know that you are aware of other people's experiences, concerns, and choices. It is also imperative that the admissions officer to hear from many different perspectives when he or she is reviewing the application. Consider all of the possible angles that you can try and be open to different ways of looking at the same issue. In addition, realize that there are plenty of choices available for students, and it is important to understand what each type means in the admissions essay.Lastly, don't let the writing intimidate you, because it's actually easier than it looks to write a good college essay. It's easier than any written communication that you'll encounter in the workplace, school, or college setting. If you find yourself getting frustrated or feel like you're on the ver ge of giving up, remember that you're doing the best you can.Remember that in writing a good college admissions essay, the main goal is to convey how you would fit into the college. If you are exceptionally talented, it can be even more powerful to write what you really are, than to let the college admissions committee to see it through their eyes. Some students are forced to write essays that are less than inspiring because they are being treated unfairly by the admissions office. The process can be difficult, but it is worth the effort, especially when you have so much support from your classmates and teachers.

Child Care Center Has Work On Their Fine Motor Skills

Children in the child care center also work on their fine motor skills. I observed how they often draw pictures of themselves or of something they really like. For example, of flowers, animals or a favorite cartoon character they really like. The teacher help children to perfect this fine skills by learning how to make cupcakes and cookies. This helps the child identify that sugar and chocolate chip cookies need to be added to the mixture and all the ingredients need to be mixed together in order to create the recipe. The textbook mentions that between the ages of 4 and 5 a child develops this skills by using scissors correctly following the line, and drawing simple figures. (Beck 309). Parents can also work with their children to perfect this skills. For example, they can show their children how to use the correct kitchen utensils or come up with creative arts and crafts that a child might enjoy depending on their interest. For instance, when I was around 4 years old my mom tells m e a story about how when I was younger she and I would do arts and crafts together. We had the tradition of always decorating for the holidays especially for Halloween, thanksgiving, and Christmas, She commented that decorating crafts was always exciting for me because I had the ability to use my imagination and creativity. She also said that my favorite part of decorating was painting the crafts because I had the ability to combine colors together to make the arts look great. One of the mostShow MoreRelatedThe Child That I Am Observing1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe child that I am observing is a five year old boy named, Alberto. His birthday is on January 5, 2010. He is an only child and lives in a single parent household. Alberto has a puppy as a pet, snails, and aquatic frogs as pets. Alberto is of average height in his class and is physically fit, however, he needs to work on his gross motor skills. I did learn that Alberto lives in a neighborhood that has issues with violence and with apartment buildings I which he lives I one of them. Our textbookRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Child Development Essay1597 Words   |  7 Pagesyour center. Throughout this paper we will summarize Piaget’s Stage Theory, identify and describe the developmental characteristics of the age group of 2-4 years old, design and describe the physical layout of facility or classroom that aligns with Piaget’s Stage Theory, and create an activity for each developmen tal domain. Jean Piaget is one of the pioneers to child development, he was an important factor in the growth, development and one of the most exciting research theorists in child developmentRead MoreThe Influence of Play on Child Development Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pagestheir imaginations and being physically active. According to the Center for Health Education, Training and Nutrition Awareness, â€Å"Play is child’s work†; this is true because it is a child’s job is to learn and develop in their first few years of life, in order for them to do this, they play (CHETNA). Not only is playing a child’s full time job, the United Nations High Commission for Human Rights listed play as a right of every child (Ginsburg). Through their full time job of play, the children developRead MoreEssay on Infant and Toddler Competency Statement681 Words   |  3 PagesCompetency Standard I To establish and maintain a safe, healthy, learning environment Functional Area I: Safety In my center I keep children safe by creating an environment where children gain the knowledge and discipline that allows them to make appropriate choices on their own. Emotional safety is promoted through daily greetings, love rituals and positive reinforcement. Children’s feelings are acknowledged, validated, and appropriate guidance suggested and modeled. I makeRead MoreChild Development And The Building Of A House Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluences that affect progression, the domains work interdependently to create a whole functioning human being. The domains work like pieces of a puzzle to create a fully functioning whole. There is no one size fits all developmental theory. Similarly to how the different domains work together, I believe that different developmental theories work together to create a whole working theory of each domain. For the duration of this paper, think of child development like the building of a house. ThereRead MoreThe Effects Of Lang uage On The Development Of A Child1261 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment of a child. Though some children are born genetically mutated, specifically children with Down’s syndrome, the capabilities of acquiring language during developmental markers is far less than a child with just 21 chromosomes. Parents and/or guardians of infants and toddlers with Down’s syndrome believe that their child will one day be able to verbally communicate with them. They presume the possibility, but does research support their beliefs? For the purpose of this paper, the child from infancyRead MoreSensory Processing Disorder: Facts and Solutions1343 Words   |  5 Pagesthe family routine as the child has narrowed her list of accepted foods to peanut butter, Goldfish, lettuce and milk. The pediatrician brushes it off as a phase and the overwhelmed mom leaves his office still concerned for her child’s nutrition. The doctor and other well-meaning family and friends tell her, â€Å"Sh e’ll grow out of it! You worry too much!† The instinctive mother is her child’s expert and advocate, yet she feels deflated, guilty and unheard. The young girl has now turned seven never havingRead MoreEssay on The Effect of Day Care on Children967 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of Day Care on Children Because many stay at home mothers are entering the work force, there is a higher demand for day care centers for the mothers’ children. The topic of day care centers and whether they are beneficial to young children is becoming discussed more frequently. An increasing number of parents are becoming more cautious about the type of childcare they choose for their children. Some parents are adhering to the traditional way of raising their children by staying at homeRead MoreThe Elements Of Quality Childcare1585 Words   |  7 PagesQuality Childcare?’ The first image represents adult-child relationships. Having a connection with children help for better learning, it helps children with their emotional and cognitive development. According to Dr. Jack Shonkoff, â€Å"young children experience their life as a world full of connections and relationships, and these components affect the aspect of their development. (National Scientific Council on the Developing child, 2004). In child care the educator becomes another figure, another roleRead MoreOccupational Therapy And Occupational Therapists1243 Words   |  5 Pagesreintegrating veterans into society, and therefore the use of activities of daily living, ergonomics, and vocational rehabilitation gains favor in therapeutic communities† (Gainer, 2008). Ergonomics comes from the combination of two Greek terms. â€Å"Ergos† means work and â€Å"nomics† means natural law. The definition that best describes these two meanings states, â€Å"ergonomics is the theoretical and fundamental understanding of human behavior and performance in purposeful interacting sociotechnical systems, and the application

Family Dermestidae and Dermestid Beetles

The family Dermestidae includes skin or hide beetles, carpet beetles, and larder beetles, some of which can be serious pests of closets and pantries. The name dermestid comes from the Latin derma, for skin, and este, meaning to consume. Description Museum curators know dermestid beetles all too well. These scavengers have a reputation for devouring museum specimens. Dermestid beetles protein-eating habits make them equally valuable in museum settings, however, as colonies of dermestids can be used to clean the flesh and hair from bones and skulls. Many entomology students have encountered dermestids as pests, too, as theyre known for their rather bad habit of feeding on preserved insect specimens. Forensic entomologists look for dermestid beetles at crimes scenes when trying to determine the time of the death of a cadaver. Dermestids typically appear late in the decomposition process, when the corpse begins to dry out. Dermestid adults are quite small, ranging from just 2 mm to 12 mm in length. Their bodies are oval and convex in shape, and sometimes elongated. Dermestid beetles are covered in hair or scales, and bear clubbed antennae. Dermestids have chewing mouthparts. Dermestid beetle larvae are worm-like, and range in color from pale yellowish brown to light chestnut. Like the adult dermestids, the larvae are hairy, most noticeably near the hind end. The larvae of some species are oval, while others are tapered. Classification Kingdom – AnimaliaPhylum – ArthropodaClass – InsectaOrder – ColeopteraFamily - Dermestidae Diet Dermestid larvae can digest keratin, the structural proteins in the skin, hair, and other animal and human remains. Most feed on animal products, including leather, fur, hair, skin, wool, and even dairy products Some dermestid larvae prefer plant proteins and feed instead on nuts and seeds, or even silk and cotton. Most adult dermestid beetles feed on pollen. Because they can digest wool and silk, as well as plant products like cotton, dermestids can be a real nuisance in the home, where they may chew holes in sweaters and blankets. Life Cycle Like all beetles, dermestids undergo complete metamorphosis with four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Dermestids vary greatly in the length of their life cycles, with some species going from egg to adult in 6 weeks, and others taking as long as a year or more to complete development. Females usually lay eggs in a dark crevice or other well-hidden location. Larvae molt through as many as 16 instars, feeding throughout the larval stage. After pupation, the adults emerge, ready to mate. Range and Distribution The cosmopolitan dermestid beetles live in varied habitats, provided theres a carcass or other food source available. Worldwide, scientists have described 1,000 species, with just over 120 known in North America. Sources: Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th Edition, by Charles A. Triplehown and Norman F. JohnsonKaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America, by Eric R. Eaton and Kenn KaufmanFamily Dermestidae, Bugguide.net, accessed November 25, 2011Dermestid Beetle, Texas AM AgriLife Extension, accessed November 25, 2011Dermestids, Utah State University Extension fact sheet

Essay on Business Situation Analysis and Problem Solving

Business Situation Analysis and Problem Solving Abstract USA World Bank (UWB) is faced with a situation of deciding upon a new product to expand its market share. This paper deals with a scenario in which the ultimate goal is to provide a holistic approach to problem-solving and solution development. In particular, this paper will analyze the first three steps in problem-solving, which include; description of the situation with the emphasis on the issue and opportunity, defining the right problem-based on the situation, and explain the desired future end-state goals. Situation Analysis and Problem Statement The banking industry has been impacted by the vast changes in technology. The changes occurring in the banking industry†¦show more content†¦Mary Monroe, Vice President of New Product Development and Jim Wilson, the Vice President of Marketing Development presented their products to the executive staff. The executive staff supported both Marys Instant Rewards and Brians Small Business Cards indicating these products would show growth to both sides of the company. Ultimately, Brian Allen, President of New Product Development chose to present Instant Rewards to the Board of Directors. Although the new product development team has ideas that are strong they were not sufficient enough for the Board to give them seal of approval. Issue Identification The focus groups and surveys of both products show they can expand its market share, yet each department is faced with a challenge of proving to the Board the results are adequate. With the newest member to the Board of Directors, Bea Henson, has challenged Brian to re-strategize his research and approach. Bea pointed out to Brian that the huge sample size may be distorting the results. Without reliable statistics, we dont know the full scope of the problems and cannot adequately measure the results we actually achieve, said Shaida Badiee, Director of the World Banks Development Data Group, who chaired the panel discussion (The World Bank, 2006). With limited time and capital, USB faces a challenge of successfully launching a new product. The team players are not fully aligned in their goals. UWB is faced with two products that areShow MoreRelatedEssay on Improving Our Ability to Make Decisions1716 Words   |  7 PagesDecision-Making Process: Improving Our Ability to Make Dec ision Facing a situation, you have to decide. For example, the fire surrounds you: What do you do? Jump through the windows and risk to kill yourself or to wait the firemen and risk to be burned to death if they come to late? Every decision that we make or don’t make shapes our future. Everyone tries to make good decisions. 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Evolution of Ethics in South African Perspective †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Evolution of Ethics in South African Perspective. Answer: Introduction: The article aims at focusing on the evolution of Ethics in South African Perspective. Ethics also known as moral philosophy refers to the branch of philosophy that deals with defending, systemizing and recommending concepts of the right and the wrong conduct. Thus, at levels ethics deals with fundamental issues related to the practical decision making process whose major concerns includes the ultimate value and the standards through which the actions of the humans judged either right or wrong. This is based on an editors perception that moral behaviour and ethics has been better during the second half of the 20th century compared to the first 18 years of 21st century. The article commences with the discussion on the origin of ethics in South Africa that gradually leads to the discussion on tribal/family morality, religious morality, philosopher based ethics and business ethics or corporate governance. There is also discussion on the professional ethics or conduct for the Chartered Ac countant. The article also puts forward examples of entity disasters during the first eighteen years of the 21st century under the headline where were the ethics? Origin of Ethics in South Africa South Africa represented a multiracial country where there has been preponderance of numerous Non Europeans in the ratio of 4: 1 (Russell, 2013). This made the situation of the country unique in comparison to other colonial countries. The problem lay in the fact that majority of these Non Europeans consisted of people who just emerged from the state of barbarism. This led to the emergence of doubts as to how the fruits of the western civilization proceeded and preserved. In contrast to most colonial countries, the Non-Europeans and Europeans have been living in the country for over three centuries and have contributed to the countrys development in their own manner and ability. Moreover, the Non- Europeans had no homeland and somehow had to find a means of working and living together. The country has also accepted these people as a part of the nation and aided them in serving the country to the best of their abilities. With the implementation of Policy of Apartheid, these people were considered as strangers who were tolerated in the nation for a certain time and purpose (Vandenbosch, 2015). Moreover, it also brought along that the Non Europeans can never remain as a part of the country and granted the same privileges and rights as Europeans. This implied that they would have a permanent subordinated position. However, initially the attempt of the apartheid remained in dividing the country for granting the Non Europeans some existence where they would be able to exercise their abilities in full force amongst people of their community. However, with time it became evident that the protagonists of the apartheid did not really accept the fact that South Africa is a multiracial country (Sehoole, 2013). They had the intention of destroying the multi racial character and thereby replacing it with a society that remained intolerant towards the Non Europeans. There was no consideration of enlightenment or development and it seemed only the colour determined the fate of the nation. Even the Prime Minister of the country admitted the policy of Apartheid to be based on the colour. In present times, the Policy of Apartheid in South Africa refers to the government policy granted by legislation to segregate South African population economically, socially and politically based on racial groups (Aleinikoff Klusmeyer, 2013). The aim of this segregation, whether considered partial, total, temporary or permanent, was the realization of the complete development of Non Europeans. However, the motivation of such policy lay in the claim that it represented the only means by which each of the groups of the multi-racial population could develop themselves on the own lines without being unaffected by the oppression and prejudices that could retarded advancement. Therefore, no injustice is done to the policy of apartheid if it is defined as that policy that has the final aim of completely segregating the multi-racial population into separate groups whether on a short time or long-term basis. Questions being raised on the fact that if the policy of apartheid focuses on separa te independent existence of the Non-Europeans then why there is so much of stress on the racial factor. Also, based on the logical lines of the policy then it should also be segregation of groups based on the language. However, actually the Policy of Apartheid put forward a direction or an attitude that determined the future relations between the Europeans and the Non Europeans (Clark Worger, 2016). However, people of South Africa often wonder why the Policy of Apartheid received so much support. There were various reasons put forward for apartheid and they seemed closely linked (Vandenbosch, 2015). The primary reasons lay in the ideas of racial superiority and fear. There has been a thought prevailing across the world where racism is influenced by an idea where one race remained superior to the other. Such ideas prevailed amongst all the groups of population. The other main reason for Apartheid, considered as fear made the white people worry about losing not only their jobs, but also their culture and language as their number represented minority. This does not however provide a justification but helps in explaining the thought behind supporting the Policy of Apartheid. There were numerous laws passed in the creation of an apartheid state. The article mentions few pillars on which the Policy of Apartheid rested. There was the implementation of the Population Registration Act in the year 1950 that demanded registration of the people as per their racial group (Sisk, 2017). This implied that the department of the home affairs would have record of the people based on their colour and race. This formed the basis of differential treatment based on the group of the population and defined the application of apartheid. However, it was not always easy in deciding and differentiating the racial group that gave rise to problems. There was also the implementation of the Group Areas Act in the year 1950 (Clark Worger, 2016). This act led to the physical separation between the races particularly in the urban areas. The act also led to the removal of some of the groups of the people in the areas marked separately for the particular racial group. There was also the implementation of the Bantu Self Government Act in the year 1959 that made it compulsory for the different racial groups to stay in different areas (Van Wyk, 2013). There was only a smaller percentage of South Africa left for the non-Europeans to consider as homelands. The Act also made sure that all the non- Europeans remain out of the city. The most famous removal took place in the District 6, Sophiatown and the Lady Selborne. Non- Europeans, who were mostly the blacks, were allotted place for staying mostly outside the town. These people could only rent and not buy any sort of property as they mostly belonged to the Europeans. Thus, the act brought in much resentment and hardship as people lost homes that they once owned for several years and moved to the underdeveloped areas that remained far off from the place of the work. Tribal/Family Morality A shared morality acted as the cement of the society in traditional South Africa. Traditional values included honesty, hospitality, charity, generosity, truthfulness, loyalty, solidarity and respect for the elders. People also had personal values like reliability, honesty, generosity, courage, temperance, humanity, social value and justice that helped them to integrate with other people. Apart from these, Langan (2015) also mentioned that South Africans also had virtues and moral values like benevolence, compassion, concern for others and kindness that were conducive in promoting the welfare of the others. There was also existence of co-operation, interdependence and reciprocity in the South African community. However, the society also defined various sanctions for ensuring proper behaviour. One of them included public ridicule that caused guilt, shame and fear and prevented any sort of antisocial behaviour. According to Dumisa Amao (2015), there was however distinction between reli gious and social sanction. Religious Sanction referred to practice of curse through either magic or punishment by ancestors. The positive social sanction included, honouring and praising the brave, parental gifts to the reliable children, confidence between the children and the parent. On the other hand some of the negative social sanction included, renunciation from clan or family, disinheriting, swearing of the curses and oaths, ostracism, scandalising or public disgrace and execution for notorious criminals. The present scenario in South Africa is somewhere between both the worlds that is unable to completely part with the older world and is yet to implement the new (Awajiusuk, 2014). In confusion between the two worlds, a dichotomy permeated into the moral behaviour of the people that led to the divided souls amongst the people of South Africa. Religious Morality Religion and Morality refers to the relationship that exists between the morals and religious values (Magesa, 2014). Many religions put forward value frameworks concerning the personal behaviour meant for guiding the adherents between the right and the wrong. These frameworks are interpreted by different sources like holy books, religious leaders and written and oral traditions. Some of these frameworks share tenets with the frameworks of secular value including free thought, utilitarianism and consequentialism. However, Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality do not depend on religion however for some reason this dependability is an automatic assumption. According to Niebuhr (2013), religion and morality has different definitions and have no connections with one another. Conceptually and principally, morality and religious value system represents two separate action guides or value systems although there are some who believes that the concepts overlap. Morality represents a set of habits, customs that helps in shaping the thoughts of the people about the ways of living, and considering what is good for the human life. On the other hand, the concept of religion remains disputed. South Africa had experienced considerable amount of religious diversity. With the waves of different settlers like the French, English, Dutch and the German settlers, the country has experienced every form of Christianity and Judaism (Chidester, 2014). The slaves and workers from the India and Malaysia followed their individual forms of Hinduism and Islam. The determination of the religion between various religious communities depended on the unequal power of balance. The manner in which religion was presented in classes posed as a greater challenge for the teachers. This is because the belief in the dominance of white race has inevitably affected the lives of the people. Hence, for decades, the education system of the state supported the principle where only the religion and culture of the white Christians found a place in the curriculum of the school in spite of the fact that only a small minority belonged to such religious tradition. Most of the pupils felt devalued as the values and traditions of the families were not worthy of even mentioning. Even, today the religion in Africa influences the lives of many South Africans and is considered pagan and uncivilized. Philosopher Based Ethics The moral philosophy of Ethics involves defending, systematizing and recommending the concepts of the right and the wrong behaviour. However, in present times the philosophers divide the ethical theories in three general subjects that include Meta-ethics, normative ethics and the applied ethics. Meta-ethics refers to the branch of the analytic philosophy that helps in exploring the foundations, status and scope properties, words and moral values (McCloskey, 2013). On the other hand, normative ethics represents the branch of the philosophical ethics that examines the questions that arises when considering how a person must act while speaking on moral terms. Normative ethics thus represents the distinct form of Meta-ethics since its helps in examining the standards for the extent of wrongness or rightness of the actions (Kagan, 2018). Normative ethics is distinct from the descriptive ethics. Descriptive ethics represents the empirical investigation of the moral beliefs of the people wh ile the normative ethics believes in whether such belief is correct to hold. Normative ethics are known as prescriptive. Applied ethics refers to the branch of the ethics that deals with analysis of specific moral issues on public and private life. For instance, bioethics community deals with the identification of correct approach of moral issues in life science like the allocation of limited health resources, euthanasia or use of the human embryo in the fields of research. Environmental ethics is a field of applied ethics that is concerned with the ecological related to the responsibilities of the corporations and the government in cleaning the pollution. Applied ethics is different from normative ethics that it is concerned with the standards for the right and the wrong behaviour and meta-ethics that is concerned with the nature of ethical properties, attitudes, statements and judgements. However, the emerging typology of applied ethics makes use of six domains that helps in impro ving social issues and organizations at both the national and the global level (Hayry, 2013). This includes: Professional ethics or the ethics for improving professionalism Decision ethics or ethical decision processes or ethical theories Business ethics or morals based on individuals for improving the ethics of a business environment Social ethics or ethics amongst nations as being one global unit Organizational ethics or ethics amongst the organizations Business Ethics (Corporate Governance) Business ethics refers to the study of the proper business practices and policies regarding potentially controversial issues like insider trading, corporate governance, bribery, discrimination, fiduciary responsibilities and corporate social responsibility (Crane Matten, 2016). Therefore, business ethics helps in ensuring a required level of trusts between the consumers and various forms of the market participants related to the business. For instance, the portfolio manager must provide equal consideration to the portfolio of the family members as well as the small individual investors (Price Van der Walt, 2013).This ensured fair treatment to the public. The concept of the business ethics rose in the year 1960 with the companies becoming more aware of the rising consumer based society that portrayed concerns about the social causes, environment and the corporate responsibility. Business ethics is something that lies beyond the moral code of simply right or wrong since it helps in reconciling what the companys needs to do on a legal frontier while maintaining competitive advantage over the other businesses. Firms in South Africa however display business ethics in various ways. Corporate governance in South Africa referred to the systems of processes, practices and rules by which a company is not only controlled but also directed. This involves, balancing of the interest of the various stakeholders of the company like shareholders, customers, management, suppliers, financiers, community and the government (Du Plessis, Hargovan Harris, 2018). Corporate governance also puts forward a framework for attaining the objectives of the company so it practically includes all spheres of themanagement from internal control to action plan to corporate disclosure and performance measurement. The purpose of the corporate governance of South Africa lies in facilitating effective and prudent entrepreneurialmanagement that helps in delivering long-term success of the company. Thus, corporate governancerepresents the system with the help of which the companies are not only controlled but also directed. The boards of director represent the sole body of governance in any company. The role of the shareholder in respect to governance determines the appointment if the auditors and the directors along with satisfying them with a suitable structure of governance. The responsibilities of the board however include setting of the strategic aims of the company, providing a leadership for putting them into effect and supervising the business management and stewardship of the shareholders. Corporate governance puts forward the doings of a company and the manner in which it sets the values for the company and it required distinction from the day-to-dayoperational management by the full time executives of the company (Waweru, 2014). However, good governance has wider influence on non-listed sector since it is solely about improving the accountability and transparency within the existing systems. One of the appealing developments in the last couple of years has been the manner in which the label of the corporate governance is used for describing the accountability and governance issues beyond corporate sector. There are however eight elements of a good corporate governance. This includes: Responsiveness Equity and Inclusiveness Transparency Effectiveness and Efficiency Orientation of Consensus Participation Accountability Fair Legal Frameworks enforced by the independent regulatory body Thus, the aim of the corporate governance is to enhance the companys accountability for avoiding massive disasters like the energy giant Enron. Professional Ethics (Code of Professional Conduct for CA (SA)) A remarkable mark in the accountancy professional depends on the acceptability of the responsibilities for acting in the interest of the public (Barac Du Plessis, 2014). Thus, the responsibility of a professional accountant does not exclusively depend on satisfying the needs of the individual employer or client. Thus, while acting for public interest the professional accountant should not only comply but also observe with ethical requirements of the code. However, this code has three parts, Part A, Part B and Part C. Part A helps in establishing the basic principles of the professional ethics for the professional accountants (Soni, Maroun Padia, 2015). On the other hand, Part B and Part C illustrate the conceptual framework applied in the specific situations. The basic principles that the professionals are required to comply with includes: Objectivity: The professional chartered accountant should not allow any kind of bias, undue influence or conflict of interest in overriding business or professional judgements. Integrity: An accountant practicing professionally should not only be honest and straightforward in all the business and professional relationships Due Care and Professional Competence: The professional account must have a continuing duty in maintaining professional skill and knowledge at the required level for ensuring that the employee or client is able to receive professional service rooted in the current developments in legislation, practice and techniques (de Villiers Alexander, 2014). Thus, a professional accountant must act in diligent manner that should be in accordance with the professional and applicable standards while ensuring professional services. Confidentiality: The confidentially of the information should be respected by the professional accountant which they should not disclose to the third parties without specific or proper authority until there comes professional and legal duty or right for its disclosure (Maroun Gowar, 2013). Moreover, acquired confidential information due to professional and business relationships should not also have a personal usage. Professional Behaviour: The professional accountant must comply with the relevant regulation and laws and thereby avoid any kind of action that discredits their profession. Part B and C focus on the conceptual framework that requires the professional accountant in identifying, evaluating and addressing the threats in compliance with the basic principles (Ackers Eccles, 2015). If the identified threats are clearly insignificant then the professional accountant must apply the safeguards for either eliminating the threats or reducing them at an acceptable level so that there is no compromise with the fundamental principles. The professional account have the obligation of evaluating any threats in compliance with the fundamental principles provided the professional accountant knows the relationship or circumstances that might compromise the compliance with the basic principles. However, the professional account might unintentionally violate a provision of the code but such unintentional violation depends on the significance and nature of the matter might not compromise with the fundamental principles. However, once there is a discovery of the violation, pr ompt correction ensured with application of necessary safeguards. Thus, Part B and C of this code include such examples that illustrate the application of the conceptual framework. The examples are not an exhaustive list for all the circumstances experienced by the professional accountant that might lead to the creation of the threat of compliance with fundamental principles (Maroun, Coldwell Segal, 2014). However, some of the threats include self-interest threats, self-review threats, familiarity threats, advocacy threats and intimidation threats. It is important to note that a professional accountant should not only consider the quantitative factors but also consider the qualitative factors while considering the significance of threat. There have also been codes put forward for ethical resolution of conflict. In evaluation of the compliance with fundamental principles there might be instances when the professional accountant needs resolving a conflict in order to apply the fundamental principles (Apostolou, Dull Schleifer, 2013). Thus, while initiating a formal or an informal process for conflict resolution, a professional accountant must consider the following facts whether he initiates the resolution process alone or together with the others: Considering facts that are relevant Involvement of the ethical issues Relation of the fundamental principles with the matter in question The involved established internal procedures Undertaking an alternative course of action Having known the given issues, the professional accountant must determine the appropriate course of the action that remains consistent with the identified fundamental principles. The professional chartered accountant must also consider the consequences of the course of action. In case if a matter is not resolved, the professional chartered accountant must consult with the other appropriate people within the firm or seek necessary help from the employing organization for finding a resolution. While dealing with a conflict with or within the concerned organization, a professional accountant must ensure consultation with people charged with the organizational governance like the audit committee and the board of directors. It is necessary for the professional accountant to create a document relating to the issue involving the details of the discussions held or undertaken in the context of the issue. In case when a conflict remains unresolved, the professional chartered accountant might seek professional advice from the legal advisors and obtain necessary guidance on the maintenance of ethical issues without breaching the confidentiality (Lawson et al., 2013). For instance, a professional account might have encountered fraud for which reporting would result in breaching of the responsibility and confidentiality of the professional accountant. In such cases, the accountant must seek legal advice in determining the necessity of such a report. After trying all relevant possibili ties if the ethical conflict remains unresolved then the accountant must refuse in remaining associated with the matter the leads to the creation of the conflict. The professional accountant would consider depending upon the circumstances whether it would be appropriate of withdrawing from engagement team, or the specific assignment or completely resigning from the firm or employing organization. Where were the Ethics? The failures of corporate governance within South African state owned enterprises led to a serious turbulence in the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA) (Walters, 2013). The acting chief executive of the agency fired recently following an allegation that his remuneration increased by over 350 percent. Shortly, the transport minister also dissolved the board. This is an instance of a shareholder undermining a board. This is acting as a common dynamic with the state owned enterprises of South Africa. The trend of regularly changing and chopping the state owned enterprise boards have become quite frequent in the previous few years. Some of the other examples include Airports Company of South Africa, South African Airways and Denel, the arms manufacturer. Poor Corporate Governance has also caused immeasurable damage to the state owned enterprises of South Africa (SOEs) that has warned the Institute of Directors of Southern Africa (IoDSA) (Thomas, 2014). The SOEs have a vital role in the South African since they help in providing national fundamentals that includes telecommunications, electricity, portable water, transport and sanitation. The South African President has ensured the appointment of the Presidential State-Owned Enterprises Review Committee meant for empowering the SOEs through good and directive governance. However, the ruling party has resulted in an increasing political meddling with the agency (Grossi, Papenfu Tremblay, 2015). The present situation is such that the agency now operates in finding opportunities for pursuing the interest of the politicians. Conclusion: The article ends by discussing some of the entity disasters of South Africa due to lack of proper corporate governance. The article also gives an insight into the professional code of conduct for the chartered accountants of South Africa. There is also discussion on the origin of Ethics in South Africa that gradually leads to a discussion on tribal/family morality, religious morality, philosopher based ethics, business ethics and corporate governance. References: Ackers, B., Eccles, N. S. (2015). Mandatory corporate social responsibility assurance practices: The case of King III in South Africa.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,28(4), 515-550. Aleinikoff, T. A., Klusmeyer, D. (Eds.). (2013).From migrants to citizens: Membership in a changing world. Brookings Institution Press. Apostolou, B., Dull, R. B., Schleifer, L. L. (2013). A framework for the pedagogy of accounting ethics.Accounting Education,22(1), 1-17. Awajiusuk, F. J. (2014). Reflections on African ethics: a case for cultural relativism,12(1). Barac, K., Du Plessis, L. (2014). Teaching pervasive skills to South African accounting students.Southern African business review,18(1), 53-79. Chidester, D. (2014).Religions of South Africa (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Clark, N. L., Worger, W. H. (2016).South Africa: The rise and fall of apartheid. Routledge. Crane, A., Matten, D. (2016).Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. de Villiers, C., Alexander, D. (2014). The institutionalisation of corporate social responsibility reporting.The British Accounting Review,46(2), 198-212. Du Plessis, J. J., Hargovan, A., Harris, J. (2018).Principles of contemporary corporate governance. Cambridge University Press. Dumisa, S., Amao, O. B. (2015). The utility of moral philosophy and professional ethics in the fight against corruption in South Africa: any role for Ubuntu?.Ubuntu: Journal of Conflict Transformation,4(1), 85-111. Grossi, G., Papenfu, U., Tremblay, M. S. (2015). Corporate governance and accountability of state-owned enterprises: relevance for science and society and interdisciplinary research perspectives.International Journal of Public Sector Management,28(4/5), 274-285. Hayry, M. (2013).Liberal utilitarianism and applied ethics. Routledge. Kagan, S. (2018).Normative ethics. Routledge. Langan, M. (2015).The moral economy of EU association with Africa(Vol. 118). Routledge. Lawson, Raef A., Edward J. Blocher, Peter C. Brewer, Gary Cokins, James E. Sorensen, David E. Stout, Gary L. Sundem, Susan K. Wolcott, Marc JF Wouters. "Focusing accounting curricula on students' long-run careers: Recommendations for an integrated competency-based framework for accounting education."Issues in Accounting Education29, no. 2 (2013): 295-317. Magesa, L. (2014).African religion: The moral traditions of abundant life. Orbis Books. Maroun, W., Gowar, C. (2013). South African auditors blowing the whistle without protection: A challenge for trust and legitimacy.International Journal of Auditing,17(2), 177-189. Maroun, W., Coldwell, D., Segal, M. (2014). SOX and the transition from apartheid to democracy: South African auditing developments through the lens of modernity theory.International Journal of Auditing,18(3), 206-212. McCloskey, H. J. (2013).Meta-ethics and normative ethics. Springer. Niebuhr, R. (2013).Moral man and immoral society: A study in ethics and politics. Westminster John Knox Press. Price, G., Van der Walt, A. J. (2013). Changes in attitudes towards business ethics held by former South African business management students.Journal of Business Ethics,113(3), 429-440. Russell, D. E. (2013).Rebellion, revolution, and armed force: A comparative study of fifteen countries with special emphasis on Cuba and South Africa. Elsevier. Sehoole, M. T. (2013).Democratizing higher education policy: Constraints of reform in post-apartheid South Africa. Routledge. Sisk, T. (2017).Democratization in South Africa: The elusive social contract. Princeton University Press. Soni, F., Maroun, W., Padia, N. (2015). Perceptions of justice as a catalyst for whistle-blowing by trainee auditors in South Africa.Meditari Accountancy Research,23(1), 118-140. Thomas, A. (2014). Media-reported corporate governance transgressions in broad-based black economic empowerment deals in the South African mining sector.African Journal of Business Ethics,8(2). Van Wyk, J., 2013. The legacy of the 1913 Black Land Act for spatial planning.Southern African Public Law,28(1), pp.91-105. Vandenbosch, A. (2015).South Africa and the world: The foreign policy of apartheid. University Press of Kentucky. Walters, J. (2013). Overview of public transport policy developments in South Africa.Research in Transportation Economics,39(1), 34-45. Waweru, N. (2014). Determinants of quality corporate governance in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Kenya and South Africa.Managerial Auditing Journal,29(5), 455-485.

Witchcraft In Hollywood Essays (1886 words) - Religion, Culture

Witchcraft In Hollywood Hollywood provides falsified information It is said by many that Hollywood is persuasive. People see something on television or in a motion picture and believe that what is shown is, in reality, true. Misconceptions will occur, and unless people are shown evidence against the delusions, it will be taken as fact. In the past, many groups have been poorly represented onscreen. Organizations such as the Mafia, the government, the military, spies, gods, monsters, and others are just a small example of those prejudiced. Since the misconceptions have occurred, much of the truth has come through for those mentioned. However, one topic that is repeatedly misrepresented in Hollywood is the practice of the Craft, more commonly known as witchcraft or Wicca according to Jeffrey Mann (personal communication, April 14, 1999). Witchcraft has been shown onscreen as evil, black magick, rather than a faith, and most people see spells cast by wiggling the nose or pointing a finger to be valid of the ?witchcraft fable' (1997, Bewitched online) . Is witchcraft a true, spiritual religion, and if so, are people willing to tolerate it? Many are uninformed of the religious aspect of the Craft, and those that are, believe it to be false or wrong according to Jeffrey Mann (personal communication, April 14, 1999). In today's society, religious tolerance of different groups of people or cultures is extremely important. By understanding and accepting the differences of real versus imaginary using witchcraft as the prime example, people will be able to see these groups as part of actual society and not just a fictitious, magickal portrayal in entertainment such as Bewitched, Charmed, Sabrina the Teenage Witch, and The Craft. Hollywood's portrayal of witchcraft in movies and shows is invalid. Now on reruns, the television show, Bewitched, was once very popular. Samantha and Tabitha are shown casting spells nearly every other minute of the half-hour (1997, Bewitched online). The show brought forth a revival of the knowledge of witchcraft. In history, before Christianity, Paganism was a primary religion in Europe. Witchcraft is a form of Paganism, just as Wicca, Shamanism, and others are. When the Christian religion was being formed, many Pagan beliefs were still used (1998, A witches overview of Wicca online). The Pagan tradition of Yule, the winter solstice holiday, was to bring a live tree into the house and decorate it with food, balls, and a star on top to protect the household from the evil spirits (Adler, 1997). In the past century, a man named Gerald Gardener came forth with his ancestor's religious practice that has been passed down generation after generation called Paganism. He began bringing forth the Wiccan movement to modern witches according to Jeffrey Mann ( personal communication, April 14, 1999). Bewitched was made in the midst of the sort of ?coming out' of all that was practiced. Romanticizing witchcraft started with Bewitched, and from then on, a new fetish of shows and movies had begun. The Warner Brothers Network recently aired a new hour-long show featuring three sisters who have just discovered their witchy powers (see attached graphic one of Charmed sisters). They are referred to as the ?Charmed Ones', which are the most powerful of a long line of good witches. Their mission is to protect the innocent against all evil (1999, Charmed online). The show features many distinct realities of witchcraft. The show refers to the Book of Shadows, which is a book of memoirs, spells, thoughts, and goals, which must be handwritten and personal to that witch (1998, A witches overview of Wicca). The three sisters use this book for casting spells against evil, which is the basis for entertainment on the show. Freezing time, traveling to the past or future, and evaporating monsters are just some of the sisters' outlandish powers (1999, Charmed online). Religion has no part in the hour that the sisters are fighting the darkness. Witchcraft, in reality, has no ?natural' witches as implied in Charmed. Having ?power' is a belief that comes from within your soul, not from genetics (Valiente, 1998). The power of spells to witches is like the power of prayers to Christians. If Charmed was based on three Christian sisters, the show would be primarily about how they pray

The eNotes Blog 7 Middle School Book Recommendations for EnthusiasticReaders

7 Middle School Book Recommendations for EnthusiasticReaders As a 6th grade teacher, I have the hardest time finding books that challenge my students to think critically without crossing the line into mature content. YA novels can be some of the most violent, steamy, and explicit books on the market since they target readers aged ten to eighteen. On the other hand, middle-grade books can be too low for some of my advanced readers. For this reason, I’ve spent a lot of time vetting books that have interesting themes, beautiful prose, or perspectives that my students might not encounter in their lives. Here are seven absolutely fantastic books that are age appropriate for middle school students. Offer them to readers who are looking for an engaging challenge! 1.  The Girl in the Blue Coat by Monica Hesse Genre: Historical Fiction; Mystery Page Count: 320 Age Range: 11-14 Set during WWII, The Girl in the Blue Coat follows Hanneke, a clever young girl who smuggles black market goods to customers in Amsterdam. Hanneke has a cynical outlook on the war after her boyfriend was killed fighting to keep the Nazis out of the Netherlands. But her desire to survive above all else is jeopardized when Mrs. Janssen asks her to perform a dangerous task: find the girl in the blue coat, a Jewish teenager that Janssen had been hiding. Hanneke’s journey leads her to resistance meetings, underground hideouts, and into the most notorious deportation center in Amsterdam. This is a stunning novel about courage, selflessness, and the human will to survive. 2.  I Will Always Write Back  by Caitlin Alifirenka and Martin Ganda Genre: Memoir Page Count: 416 Age Range: 9-14 This is an excellent book about compassion, sacrifice, and learning. Martin, a young boy living in Zimbabwe, and Caitlin, a white girl living in Pennsylvania, become pen pals in 7th grade. While Caitlin’s family lives comfortably in the US, Martin’s family lives within a notoriously poor slum in Zimbabwe. Martin works incredibly hard to be the top of his class, knowing that an education will be his ticket to a better life. But when he is kicked out of school because his family cannot pay, he must rely on the friendship he has built through his letters for support. Caitlin and her family dedicate themselves to supporting Martin as he bravely pursues his future. Caitlin learns how truly privileged she is, recognizing the injustice of the world. Told through two distinct voices and perspectives, this memoir will give your students a perspective not generally addressed in teen literature. 3. The Running Dream by Wendelin Van Draanen Genre: Realistic Fiction Page Count: 336 Age Range: 12 and up Jessica is a runner. Running means everything to her. But tragedy strikes when she loses her leg in an accident. While Jessica initially believes her life is over, she puts herself back together over the course of the novel. She confronts her own biases towards disabilities as she realizes that she treated Rosa, a girl with cerebral palsy, differently just because of her disability. Jessica overcomes the dramatic change in her life, her biases, and her negativity to realize her dreams in this inspirational novel. 4.  Irenas Children: A True Story of Courage (Young Readers Edition) by Tilar J. Mazzeo Genre: Non Fiction Page Count: 272 Age Range: 10 and up This is the story of Irena Sendler, an incredible Polish woman who saved 2,500 children during WWII. Often called the â€Å"female Schindler,† Sendler’s story has largely disappeared from history books. This young reader’s edition of her tale brings the story to life. Sendler used her wits, bravery, and fearlessness to smuggle children out of the Warsaw Ghetto. She used sewers and secret passageways, coffins and coats, abandoned buildings, and a network of underground resistance workers. Her heroic tale will not only teach young students about one of the most horrific times in modern history, but also about choosing to do the right thing when it is not easy. 5.  The Book Thief  by Markus Zusak Genre: Historical Fiction Page Count: 608 Age Range: 13 and up   * â€Å"When Death has a story to tell, you listen.† So goes the tagline of Markus Zusak’s The Book Thief, a story of WWII told through the perspective of Death- a cantankerous narrator with a verbose vocabulary. Death becomes fixated on a young German girl named Liesel and her foster family the Hubermanns. They are not like the other families on their streets. Rosa, Liesel’s foster mother, shows love by hurling profanities and wooden spoons at those she loves. Her husband, Hans, paints houses and plays the accordion. But this unconventional family takes on the greatest sacrifice: agreeing to hide a Jewish man named Max. Beautifully written, heart-wrenching, and endearing, this novel explores the power of words and the human will to survive. Above all else, this is a story about how far people will go to do what is right. **This one is appropriate for more advanced and mature students because of the complex vocabulary and a few depictions of violence. 6.  Harbor Me  by Jacqueline Woodson Genre: Realistic Fiction Page Count: 192 Age Range: 9-15 This is an incredible book by the author of â€Å"Brown Girl Dreaming.† It follows six kids whose teacher asks them to skip their last period on Fridays so that they can talk in the ARTT Room (short for A Room to Talk). These kids have seemingly unconnected experiences: There’s Esteban, whose father may be deported; Haley, whose father is in prison; Ashton, whose family just lost everything; and Amari, who fears being racially profiled by the police. But when they are together in the ARTT room, they are able to discuss all the issues on their minds. Through their conversations, readers learn about the very real problems facing different teens in the US. 7.  The Girl Who Drank the Moon  by Kelly Barnhill Genre: Fantasy Page Count: 400 Age Range: 9-14 The Protectorate fears a witch. The people have been told that if they do not leave a baby every year as a sacrifice for the witch, she will destroy their city. Little do they know, their monster is actually a kind witch named Xan. Every year, Xan travels to the edge of the forest to rescue a baby that has been, seemingly, abandoned by its family. Xan feeds the child starlight and delivers it to a loving family in the Free Cities. However, on this journey, Xan makes a critical error: she feeds the baby moonlight and gives the human child magical powers. Now, Xan must raise the child as her own. But as Luna grows, so does the uncertainty in the Protectorate. A young man decides that he must hunt down the witch, and a volcano is close to erupting. This is a fast-paced, magical tale of love and self-discovery. It teaches the reader that stories, true or false, have power over one’s imagination.

Analyzing Global Products through the example of the H & M and Zara Essay

Analyzing Global Products through the example of the H & M and Zara industry - Essay Example This is done to avoid delays and over dependence on a particular country and less production within the system. The firm works with middlemen to offer the best to its consumers. The organization also considers the consumers using the product, and then it considers the middlemen who are the retailers and wholesalers that sell the products to consumers, and get feedback from the consumers. H&M level of product adaptation- packaging, pricing, promotion and ways of distribution Using the middlemen, the firm buys the right items from the suppliers and the right market. H & M has a creative experience in design and markets that considers fashion and textile. The company aims at working with the economical minds of its consumers. Distribution is the process of getting the organizations products to the consumers, and a channel of marketing that distributes the products around the market. The firm has a well distribution channel, and that it depends on the IT system to enable it work efficien tly in that it makes use internet strategies to improve on its production and development of garments. Lastly, the firm has a cooperate culture that works in harmony to make sure efficient sales of its products (Saminather, 2007). The firm distributes its products through direct sales that include those made to the beauty therapists, beauty pallor, supermarkets, and shops in town. Direct selling to the consumers allows the organization to be in charge of its prices, get responses from the clients, and take charge in the presentation of the products to the consumers. These direct sales make them sell their products to different consumers from different background. When the organization sells to retailers, they sell product directly to the retailers and the... The H & M industry is a Swedish industry that outsources the non core operations. The firm, a clothing industry, does not own any factory. The industry buys its products from a chain of suppliers that supply them with cloths. The Zara Company is the contradictory of H & M Company that also deals with cloths, and it is the first growing industry in Spain. The firm is owned by Spanish Inditex group. Zara has developed a unique business model and it has vertically merged the retailers; controls every step of the value chain, and it mainly outsources garments with a longer shelf/ fashion life. H&M business model focuses on outsourcing and Zara Company uses in-house model to increase its production. The business level entails the management directors, panel of directors, and business staff. The management function is to classify the delegation and goals of the business, establish what roles the company must be in charge of apportion of assets to the different enterprise areas of the company, and devise and execute strategies that extend over the businesses. The business level entails the leaders of the particularized business. Company leaders’ responsibility is to explain broad statements of intention at the business level into tangible strategies for particularized businesses. The two companies used the business level to implement their strategies that led to their success. The practical level consists of the business leaders of exact production operations. They build up practical strategies that aid the execution of the company and company -level strategic aims. They offer nearly all the new ideas that make it likely for the company and business -level wide-ranging managers to prepare strategies.

Identity theft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Identity theft - Essay Example Personal data like Social security number, credit card number, bank account, etc. are not unique like for instance fingerprints and can be misused when they fall into the wrong hands. In the United States many people have suffered huge losses on account of unauthorized persons withdrawing funds from their bank or financial accounts and very often these persons who have stolen the identity have committed crimes and run huge debts using the victim’s identity. In short a criminal can use an individual’s identity to commit a wide range of crimes such as fraudulent withdrawal of money from banks, apply for credit cards and loans, fraudulent use of telephone calling cards, or buy goods or services which might not have been possible if the criminal had used his name hurry respond to "spam"  ­ or unsolicited email  ­ that request identifying data in the pretext of offering some benefits. Here people do not realize that in many of such cases the person who has requested for personal information has no intention of passing on any benefit to them. However Internet is not the only source. Misplaced or stolen wallets containing credit cards or other personal information, stolen laptops again containing personal data can prove easy targets for identity thefts. To prevent any kind of fraudulent use of one’s identity one must have a security policy and certain guidelines in place about what personal information should not be given to third parties especially through electronic means like the email. The guidelines to be followed are: 1) There should be no personal or financial details in any of the emails sent. 2) Open only those mails that have come from known persons or trusted parties. 3) All suspicious mails should be reported to the conce rned authorities. 4) Online passwords must be changed frequently and passwords that can be easily be hacked, such as those related to birthdays and

Interpersonal Communication Distinguish Between 2 Different Type of Communication Essay Example for Free

Interpersonal Communication Distinguish Between 2 Different Type of Communication Essay This paper was a little difficult for me to write at first because I have never had to analyze my own communication styles and apply concepts to the type of communication styles I have encountered. Here is to learning how to understand communication and the different styles we encounter every day. I spent a lot of this past week encountering a lot of non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communications is communicating through wordless messages. I have been sick and this has been the most sufficient and effective form of communication for me. While I was in the hospital, to effectively communicate to the nurse my needs sometimes I had to use gestures or facial expressions to let her know I was hungry or letting her know the room temperature was hot. Facial expressions are one of our primary means of conveying emotions. Deaf people rely on facial expressions and gestures to communicate. The machine I was hooked up to, to let the nurse know my stats, I believe is also form of communication. I believe it communicated to the nurse that I was not getting proper oxygen saturation so she was able to increase my oxygen intake base on what was communicated to her. I had a hard time speaking, so I did sometimes have to make some noises to let the nurse know I was in pain and needed assistance. She was able to understand my request and assist me accordingly. I also did a lot of online communication. I sent a lot of emails and messages to communicate with friends and family. I also have spent a lot of time listening. Listening is making an effort to hear something and to pay attention to either what is being said or the non-verbal communication gestures or messages given to you. Hearing what someone is saying to you is completely different then actually listening. Effective listening is to understand what is being said to you. I had to understand what the Dr. was explaining to me to be able to recover in a timely manner. I also had to remember to put into practice what the Dr. telling me in regards to my care. Remembering is an important stage of listening. Remembering is important because it can help me from getting into a sticky situation such as the Doctor asking me any questions regarding my treatment. If I was just hearing him and not listening and remembering what he said I would not be able to answer his questions accurately. I had to interpret what he was saying. I had to understand what was critical to my care as of right now and what I need to implement once I recover. I did this by listening to his words as well as watching his gestures and facial expressions. At some point I had to respond to the Doctor. I had to make him aware I was listening and remembering what he said I needed to do. I usually nodded my head and made direct eye contact given it was hard for me to communicate verbally until the last day. On the day of my discharge I was able to paraphrase to him what he needed me to do in order to recover and to maintain my health. When looking at this experience of listening, I would say it would be considered informational listening. I was engage to learn, taking information in so I was able to properly care for myself outside of the hospital and what I needed to do to keep from returning back.

I Hear an Army Charging Upon the Land Essay -- essays research papers

I Hear an Army Charging Upon the Land   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Threatening forces are every where we look in life. Almost anything could be considered a threat in today’s society. The poem by James Joyce, “ I hear an Army Charging Upon the Land,'; contains evidence of a threatening force. The threatening force in this poem is punk rock kids at a punk rock show.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Threatening forces are very apparent in this poem. A prime example of one is when he says “ Arrogant, in black armor.'; He is talking about kids in leather jackets. It is there way of proving they are punk and it looks threatening. Seeing people in leather jackets is scary, especially when society has trained us to think that black is a sign of . We have been trained to think that anything that stands out is scary and people in black leather jackets stick out like a sore thumb. Obviously, when James Joyce says “ in black armor,'; it is a threatening force of punk rock.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Punk rock is a very firm theme of this poem that is supposed to be menacing. This is established when it says, “ Clanging, Clanging upon the heart as upon an anvil.'; This is saying how he feels that the chains that the kids wear are frightening. He feels that the sound of their chains dangling together is intimidating. When people who wear chains run the often make a loud noise ... I Hear an Army Charging Upon the Land Essay -- essays research papers I Hear an Army Charging Upon the Land   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Threatening forces are every where we look in life. Almost anything could be considered a threat in today’s society. The poem by James Joyce, “ I hear an Army Charging Upon the Land,'; contains evidence of a threatening force. The threatening force in this poem is punk rock kids at a punk rock show.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Threatening forces are very apparent in this poem. A prime example of one is when he says “ Arrogant, in black armor.'; He is talking about kids in leather jackets. It is there way of proving they are punk and it looks threatening. Seeing people in leather jackets is scary, especially when society has trained us to think that black is a sign of . We have been trained to think that anything that stands out is scary and people in black leather jackets stick out like a sore thumb. Obviously, when James Joyce says “ in black armor,'; it is a threatening force of punk rock.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Punk rock is a very firm theme of this poem that is supposed to be menacing. This is established when it says, “ Clanging, Clanging upon the heart as upon an anvil.'; This is saying how he feels that the chains that the kids wear are frightening. He feels that the sound of their chains dangling together is intimidating. When people who wear chains run the often make a loud noise ...

Economical and Environmental Cost-Benefit Analysis on Hybrid Cars Essay

A hybrid car is a car propelled by the application of two or more power sources. First attempts to introduce hybrid cars goes back to mid 1660, way before the discovery and introduction of the fuel powered conventional cars but were never commercially manufactured until 21st century when Japanese car manufacturer, Toyota produced the Toyota prius exclusively for its domestic market. In fact, it is estimated that the first attempt to produce a hybrid car was in 1665. The delay in the production of this class of vehicles was because of two main reasons; first, the limited range in the distance the vehicles could cover and secondly the difficulty and costly process of recharging their batteries. Furthermore, it is a basic science concept that the more complex a machine is the more it is prone to failure and thus the idea of commercial production of hybrid vehicles has been a slow process over the centuries. World’s population explosion, demand for fresh air and green cities, dwindling petroleum deposits, over dependency in overseas oil, economic recession and global warming are just some of the environmental and economic factors that have forced world’s leading car manufacturers to provide to the market car models that are not only environmentally friendly but also cost effective. A cost-benefit analysis on this topic will attempt to bring out the cost of getting a hybrid car into the road in comparison to the benefits that the world stands to reap as a result of this venture. This research seeks to bring to the surface three major aspects that are associated with the introduction of hybrid cars into the transportation world. These three issues are: (i) The cost of producing a hybrid car: The successful landing of a hybrid car is in focus under this area. It is not easy to get into the road a car that makes use of a combination of two or more sources of energy. The research involved is estimated to run to millions of dollars thus sky-rocketing the price of a hybrid car. (ii) Environmental factors: Environmental factors simply refer to the concerns that a particular type of car produces substances that injure our surroundings thus making life on earth more dangerous and therefore more complex. These substances include green house gases as well as toxic metal compounds such as the ones that contain lead in their structure. (iii) Economic cost benefit factors: Economic factors have much to do with the living standards of people as far as the generation and investment of money is concerned. The economic make up of the world has gotten pegged heavily on oil and there are concerns from every right thinking citizen of the world that this is a self consuming trend that is likely to create serious economic problems if the oil industry hits a serious problem. This has already been witnessed before whereby a slight rise in oil prices has sent shockwaves in economies in both the developed and the developing world. Literature Review The former Vice President of the United States who later won the Democratic Party nomination and lost the presidency in a controversial manner to George W Bush, Mr. Al Gore, has had the world rethinking its actions as far as the degeneration of the environment is concerned. An inconvenient Truth, a film he worked on captures the problems that are already being experienced in various parts of the world as a result of global warming. This, he says is being fuelled by the use of environmentally unfriendly cars that use oil or gasoline (Gore, 2006, para1-3). It is not surprising that he went a head to win a Nobel Prize for this peace of work. Electric and hybrid cars have always received much appreciation due to the perceived ability to tackle this burning issue of climate change. Their ability to cut the emission of these toxic substances into the atmosphere that lead to negative climatic shift is the major reason for this (Anderson and Anderson, 2004, pp 6-10). In recognition of this serious problem, vital steps have been made in the research that is involved in the development and production of cars that make use of a combination of two or three sources of locomotive energy. Chief among these is the research into electric cars that promise to reduce the overreliance on oil (Westbrook, 2001, pp 34-39). The pioneer nation in the world in the research and possible mass production of hybrid cars is Japan. But the appetite with which the United States of America has picked up the issue points to the significance of this type of car. The driving force is the reduction in pollution, the saving that comes in terms of finances and most importantly national security that is put at risk with too much dependency on foreign oil. The argument is often projected in terms of supplying their dollars to nations that fund terror groups such as al Qaeda (Boschert, 2006 pp 2-7). It is common knowledge that mass production of hybrid cars will not only provide a partial solution to world environmental problems but also be a practical measure to save countries from losses running to millions of dollars due to escalating prices of world crude oil. The cost of producing a hybrid car The production of hybrid cars is not a cheap or a simple venture. Confessions by companies that have dipped their fingers into this hot pot have clearly shown that more than just simple technology is in play in the production of this type of cars. Research that has been on-going for a long time now is very complicated and has consumed millions of dollars. At the end of the day, despite the hyped advantages of shifting from purely oil consuming cars to hybrid cars, the cost that must be borne has to be high (Westbrook,2001,pp 56-61). It is the overall ability of the hybrid car to assist man in solving most of his economic and environmental problems that make the whole exercise worthwhile. Environmental factors While scientists agree that there can never be perfect environmentally friendly hybrid cars and that this depends solely on the design and model of hybrid power system. It is worthy appreciating that the use of this class of vehicles will automatically lead to the reduction of global warming by approximately 0. 3 to 0. 5 percent and that more advanced models and designs in the coming years due to technological advances would reduce this figure even further. The problems of the quality of urban air, reduction of noise due to application of electric motor in fuel power conventional cars, and elimination of smog forming pollutants could be solved in a century if research on mass production of hybrid cars is given a priority. The main source of air pollutants in cities and major towns is transportation. Fuel powered conventional motor vehicles produce much higher levels of carbon dioxide (Co2) carbon monoxide (Co), nitrogen oxides (Nox) and hydrocarbons (Hc) and this from the primary source of these dangerous pollutants. This is mainly because fuel powered conventional cars (FPCC) make short trips that do not give time for electric motor warm ups and cold starts. It is noted that hybrid cars reduced the levels of the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide by 97% in comparison to other sources of these pollutants. Carbon monoxide (C0), when inhaled for long periods interferes with the proper functioning of the brain in that it impairs the flow of oxygen (O2) into the brain. Once the brain stops working in the expected way, the person involved turns into a vegetable. Carbon dioxide and water vapor form the principal components of green house gases that bring about the green house effect. Green house effect is a scenario in which too much heat is trapped within the atmosphere due to the presence of such toxic gases as carbon monoxide and this resultant effect is a highly raised earth temperature. Infact carbon dioxide (C02) is considered one of the major atmospheric pollutants, and is solely responsible for approximately 57% global warming. Negative effects of global warming include the rapidly declining numbers of polar bears and melting of ice in the tropics. It is therefore an open knowledge that releasing carbon dioxide (C02) into the atmosphere is detrimental to the lives of living organisms and the equilibrium of the ecosystem. Sulphur and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are very dangerous air pollutants produced by combustion of sulphur containing fuels. Over the years, scientists have devised means of producing sulphur and lead free fuels but achieving an excellent degree is still a distant mirage. Deposition of these compounds in the air is harmful to plants, man and infrastructure. Exposure to high concentration of sulphur dioxide irritates respiratory tracts making breathing difficult and can easily cause lung problems. Sulfur Oxide contributes to respiratory illness. Patients suffering from heart diseases risk aggravating their conditions if exposed to even mild concentration of sulfur oxides. These components also form secondary pollutants when transported and combined with other elements forming sulphates, nitrate salts, nitrogen dioxides and even nitric acid vapor. This is what is commonly known as acid rain that corrodes buildings, burns vegetations, burns the human skin and destroys infrastructure. Chlorofluorocarbons also form component of green house gases that bring about the effect of global warming. When exposed to gamma rays, these compounds break down to release chlorine atoms. The presence of chlorine atoms in the atmosphere catalyses splitting of Ozone (O3) into oxygen gas (O2), however the negative effects of their presence overweigh their importance. Photochemical air pollution, usually known as smog and is commonly sported in the tropics and subtropics is also caused by incomplete combustion of gasoline emitted by fuel powered conventional vehicles. This process leads to the production of Ozone gas that is responsible for irritation in the eyes, extensive damage to plants and crops and lung complications. The release of carbon dioxide (C02), chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides (N0x) and other pollutants into the atmosphere contributes to the destruction of plants on the earth’s surface. Photosynthesis, the process through which trees produce oxygen from carbon dioxide is so vital to human life in fact it is said that life cannot exist without trees. Destruction of trees by releasing these pollutants into the air is equal to destruction of both human life and plant life. While particulate matters are the main contributors to lung problems and most cancer cases, hydrocarbons are also a cause of lung problems and other tissue problems. Long exposure to high concentrations of hydrocarbons eventually leads to total organ failures. Furthermore it is a major contributor to birth defects and other complicated illnesses like cancer. With the commercial manufacture and introduction of hybrid cars, extensive damage to the environment is definitely reduced, quality of life enhanced and urban areas become clean to inhabit, the dream of world environmental rights groups. Economic factors Crude oil is the raw material that propels almost all components of world’s economy in many ways. In fact the world is so dependent on crude oil that if its supply would be cut abruptly, major world economies like United States of America, Russia and China would immediately come to a standstill. United States depends on crude oil alone for 40% of its energy supply, triple than other sources. Overdependence on crude oil is not sound enough. First, crude oil is a non-renewable source of energy and analysts predict it will be largely exhausted within half a century. This rings an alarm bell that if measures are not put in place and countries go green by using hybrid cars, then the future is bleak and the word is in danger. Transportation sector depends entirely on oil for energy supply. Trucks, planes, ships cars and buses are propelled by motor engines that use oil. Introducing hybrid cars would reverse this trend, make the world safer from fluctuating oil prices and reduce dependence on this energy source (Paterson, 2007 para. 3-5). Reliance on crude oil for fuel supply is a major contributor to ethnic and tribal wars in Africa. This demonstrates the levels at which scramble for this commodity has reached. In fact notably China is so hungry for crude oil that it is ready to ignore the sufferings of millions of peoples around the world and specifically Sudan, so as to get its industry moving. It therefore points to the fact that lasting peace and safety will be found and armed conflicts reduced drastically when less fuel consuming cars are produced and thirst for oil curtailed. Hybrid cars are pocket friendly as they consume less gasoline in comparison to fuel powered conventional cars. Even though they are slightly expensive to purchase, the reward is achieved in long term due to lower fuel consumption. Further, governments and notably the United States of America give tax incentives to buyers of hybrid cars in to a move aimed at reducing the average prices of these vehicles and thus encouraging more people to purchase them. Dwindling petroleum deposits in a major concern to the world. It is widely acknowledged that only a total of one trillion barrels of recoverable crude oil reserves is available for exploration worldwide with only two percent (2%) of this value in the United States of America. Most of these oil deposits are found in the eastern hemisphere that is made up of countries that are well known for political instability. It is therefore very wise for countries that fall in the Western hemisphere and more so, the United States to adapt the mass production and commercial use of hybrid vehicles. This will not only cushion them from ever fluctuating oil prices but will also prevent the imminent collapse of most sectors of the economies of these countries. Conclusion From the foregoing, it is evident that the world stands to gain immensely from the introduction into the world of transportation hybrid cars. It is true that the cost of producing a hybrid car is not one that sends one smiling all the way to the bank. In fact it is prohibitively high and the faint hearted who will not pay attention to the long term benefits of this hybrid car model will not dare. But the benefits or gains both in terms of saving a planet in peril and a global economy in a shambles are so enticing and crucial that it is actually the way to go. The environmental problems that come as a result of oil utilization in transport and other areas of life will be dealt with once and for all. For instance, the release of dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere that is responsible for global warming and numerous respiratory problems as well as problems in farming thorough such phenomena as acid rain will be solved. The economic woes that emanate from over dependence on oil will also be contained. The availing of financial resources to rogue nations such as Iran that fund terrorist groups, the shaking of the global economy due to shifts in oil prices as well as the escalation of conflicts in most third world countries in the east and Africa as a result of scrambling over oil resources will be eliminated. References: Anderson C. D & Anderson J (2004); Electric and Hybrid Cars: A History. ISBN-10: 0786418729, ISBN -13: 978-0786418725, McFarland & Company. pp 6-10 Boschert, S. , (2006); Plug-Ins: The cars that will recharge America. pp 2-7 ISBN-10: 0865715718, ISBN-13: 978-0865715714, New Society Publishers. Gore, A. (2006): An Inconvenient Truth. Retrieved on 24th March 2009 from: http://www. climatecrisis. net/aboutthefilm/. Para 1-3. Paterson, B. N. , (2007). Economic benefits of hybrid cars. Retrieved on 23rd March 2009 from: http://www. helium. com/items/1026111-economic-benefits-of-hybrid-cars, para 3-5. Westbrook M. H, (2001): The Electric Car: Development and Future of Battery, Hybrid and Fuel-Cell Cars. ISBN-10: 0852960131, ISBN-13: 978-0852960134. The Institution of Engineering and Technology. pp 56-61.